What Type of Degree is Required in Physical Therapy? – Physical therapy (PT) is a dynamic and rewarding healthcare profession focused on improving movement, reducing pain, and restoring function to individuals who have been injured or are suffering from chronic conditions.
As the demand for physical therapy services continues to grow, many aspiring professionals are curious about the educational requirements needed to enter the field.
This article outlines the degrees necessary to become a licensed physical therapist, the path to achieving them, and additional considerations for prospective students.
Understanding the Role of a Physical Therapist
Before diving into the academic path, it is important to understand the role and responsibilities of a physical therapist.
Physical therapists diagnose and treat individuals of all ages who have medical problems or health-related conditions that limit their ability to move and perform daily activities.
They work in a variety of settings, including hospitals, private clinics, rehabilitation centers, nursing homes, and sports facilities.
To be effective, physical therapists need a strong foundation in anatomy, physiology, biomechanics, and therapeutic techniques.
This foundation is built through rigorous academic and clinical training, which is why advanced degrees are required for entry into the profession.
Educational Pathway to Becoming a Physical Therapist
The path to becoming a licensed physical therapist in most countries, including the United States, involves several stages of education.
Here’s a breakdown of the required steps:
1. Bachelor’s Degree (Pre-Physical Therapy)
To apply for a graduate-level physical therapy program, students must first complete a bachelor’s degree.
While there is no specific undergraduate major required, students typically pursue degrees in related fields such as
- Kinesiology
- Exercise Science
- Biology
- Health Sciences
- Psychology
These majors often include coursework in anatomy, physiology, physics, and chemistry, which are prerequisites for admission to a Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) program.
Students are also encouraged to gain volunteer or observational experience in physical therapy settings.
This not only strengthens their application but also ensures they understand the demands and rewards of the profession.
2. Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) Degree
The Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) is the required professional degree to become a licensed physical therapist in the United States and many other countries.
This graduate-level program typically takes three years to complete and includes both academic coursework and clinical internships.
Core areas of study in a DPT program include:
- Neuroscience
- Pharmacology
- Pathophysiology
- Musculoskeletal system
- Cardiopulmonary therapy
- Therapeutic exercise
- Evidence-based practice
- Clinical reasoning and decision-making
Students also complete hands-on training through clinical rotations, which provide real-world experience in a variety of healthcare settings.
These rotations are supervised by licensed professionals and are essential for developing practical skills.
Licensing and Certification- What Type of Degree is Required in Physical Therapy?
What Type of Degree is Required in Physical Therapy? – Earning a DPT degree is only part of the process. Graduates must also pass the National Physical Therapy Examination (NPTE) to become licensed to practice in their state or country.
Additional requirements may include background checks, jurisprudence exams (testing knowledge of state laws), and continuing education.
In some cases, physical therapists choose to pursue board certification in specialty areas such as:
- Orthopedics
- Neurology
- Pediatrics
- Geriatrics
- Sports
These certifications, offered by organizations such as the American Board of Physical Therapy Specialties (ABPTS), can enhance a PT’s credentials and expand career opportunities.
Alternative Degrees and Roles in Physical Therapy
What Type of Degree is Required in Physical Therapy? – Not everyone in the field of physical therapy is a licensed physical therapist. Other roles support patient care and require different levels of education.
1. Physical Therapist Assistant (PTA)
PTAs work under the supervision of physical therapists to help implement treatment plans.
To become a PTA, individuals must complete a two-year associate degree from an accredited program and pass a national licensure exam.
While PTAs are not qualified to diagnose or create treatment plans, they play an essential role in patient care.
2. Physical Therapy Aide
Physical therapy aides assist with administrative tasks, patient transport, and equipment setup.
This role typically requires only a high school diploma or equivalent and on-the-job training.
However, some employers may prefer candidates who have completed a certification program.
International Considerations
While the DPT is standard in the United States, educational requirements can vary by country.
In Canada, a master’s degree in physical therapy (MPT or MScPT) is typically required.
In the United Kingdom, aspiring physiotherapists must earn a BSc (Hons) degree in physiotherapy, though accelerated MSc programs are available for those with a prior degree.
In Australia, students can pursue a Bachelor of Physiotherapy or a postgraduate master’s degree.
Students need to research the specific requirements of the country in which they wish to practice.
Continuing Education and Career Advancement
Physical therapy is a lifelong learning profession. Many states and organizations require physical therapists to complete continuing education courses to maintain licensure and stay current with advances in the field.
Some physical therapists choose to pursue further education, such as
- Residency programs to specialize in a particular area of care
- Doctor of Science (ScD) or Ph.D. in Physical Therapy for those interested in research or academic careers
- MBA or MHA for PTs interested in healthcare management or administration
These advanced degrees and certifications can lead to expanded roles, higher salaries, and leadership positions.
Conclusion
What Type of Degree is Required in Physical Therapy? – Becoming a physical therapist is a challenging but highly rewarding journey that begins with a strong academic foundation.
The minimum educational requirement for practice is a Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) degree, which follows the completion of a bachelor’s degree.
Along the way, students must meet prerequisites, gain hands-on clinical experience, and pass licensure exams.
For those interested in supporting roles, options such as becoming a physical therapist assistant or aide require less education but still offer the opportunity to work in a meaningful and impactful healthcare environment.